Economics

Frame analysis is a technique that studies how individuals understand activities and situations happening in their environment by looking at the images, stereotypes, messages, actors, or metaphors that people usually use to construct their reality in the world. The frame analysis technique, in this regard, may apply a humanitarian frame, which emphasizes the human suffering and loss of lives caused by the war, or it may use a geopolitical frame

Principles of Free Enterprise and Economic Choice A free enterprise system provides individuals with the opportunity to make their own economic decisions. In this type of system, people have the freedom to choose their careers, start businesses, invest in ideas, produce goods and services, compete in the market, and respond to consumer demand. Free enterprise systems and successful entrepreneurship are complementary to each other in any society around the globe.

Abstract Budgeting is a key element of health care organizations’ strategic planning to project the anticipated income and expenditures. These budget types include operating, capital, and project budgets, depending on what suits the organization. Operating Budgets are short-term revenue and expenditure projections; Capital Budgets are asset acquisition analyses, while Project Budgets estimate total project cost. The purpose of this paper is to explain the significance of a budget in the

The desire to make the world economically better begins with a moral question: why do societies capable of producing extraordinary wealth still leave many people without secure housing, healthcare, education, food, time, or meaningful work? The original essay approaches this question through Langston Hughes’s poem “Tired,” Dean Baker’s economic writing, the metaphor of “worms” that consume social wellbeing, and a personal desire to redirect resources toward ordinary people. That framework

Species-Being and Human Nature Species-being is the essence of a species, which includes its needs and desires. Most of the species are content with the fulfilment of their primal needs, such as food, intercourse and sleep, because only these basic activities are essential for the survival of their species. In contrast, human beings are more complex, so it is understandable that their needs and desires will be complex as well.

Introduction Quan Li and Adam Resnick’s article “Reversal of Fortunes: Democratic Institutions and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows to Developing Countries” addresses a puzzle in international political economy. Democracy can make a country more attractive to multinational enterprises by protecting property rights and constraining arbitrary government action. At the same time, democratic participation may reduce the special advantages foreign investors obtain from weak labor protection, tax concessions, monopoly access, or executive

Abstract The process of renewing NAFTA for the terms that benefit the interests of the United States, coupled with the associated benefits of Mexico and Canada, begins after two decades of NAFTA in action. The new deal, known as USMCA, provides insight into labour rights and adopts policies and regulations for the labour affected by the deal through the introduction of laws and policies that reflect the core values of

Introduction Economic globalization and democracy expanded dramatically during the late twentieth century, encouraging scholars to ask whether the two developments were causally connected. Cross-border trade, finance, production, information, and migration can weaken authoritarian control by creating independent economic actors and exposing citizens to alternative institutions. The same processes can also concentrate wealth, reduce governments’ policy autonomy, increase insecurity, and supply authoritarian rulers with new resources. These competing mechanisms explain why

Hegemonic Stability Theory (HST) argues that an open and relatively stable international economic system is more likely when one state possesses enough power and willingness to create rules, provide public goods, and bear a disproportionate share of enforcement and crisis-management costs. The original essay correctly connects the theory with trade, monetary stability, and the debate between realist and liberal approaches. However, HST does not necessarily claim that every state rejecting

Factors Contributing to the Financial Crisis of 2007–2009 The financial crisis that reached its most dangerous stage in 2008 did not result from one broken mortgage chain or one irresponsible institution. It developed through a housing boom, weak underwriting, high leverage, complex securitization, short-term wholesale funding, inaccurate credit ratings, derivatives exposure, regulatory gaps, and widespread confidence that national home prices would not fall sharply. Borrowers, mortgage brokers, lenders, investment banks,

The political economy of international monetary relations studies how exchange rates, reserve currencies, capital flows, monetary policy, financial institutions, and domestic political interests interact across national borders. The original essay compares the pre-World War I gold standard with the Bretton Woods system and argues that international monetary cooperation depends on political stability, domestic institutions, and state interests. That framework remains valuable. Monetary systems are not sustained by technical rules alone.

Monetary policy is one of the most important tools used by a central bank to influence the economy. In the United States, monetary policy is mainly implemented by the Federal Reserve, also known as the Fed. The Fed uses monetary policy to promote stable prices, maximum employment, and moderate long-term interest rates. Monetary policy works by influencing the money supply, interest rates, credit conditions, borrowing, spending, investment, inflation, and overall

Introduction Monetary policy is utilized by the government for money management through the central bank, which impacts macroeconomic objectives such as a high level of employment, price stability, balance of payments, sustainable economic growth, etc. As described by Gnahe & Huang (2020), the monetary policy defines certain measures that regulate the cost and supply of money based on the level of economic growth and development in the country. In this

Introduction There are many factors, like the demand-to-supply ratio, available resources, employment, etc., that decide the economic behaviour of the market and the individuals’ choices regarding their consumption in a society. These economic indicators help economic players to decide their specific actions to optimize their profit either in terms of money, time, or any other preferred advantage and personal satisfaction. It is also not possible for anyone to avoid reason

All organizations require funds to perform their activities, and efficient management of funds is essential for the survival of organizations. Healthcare organizations receive funds either directly from their patients or through third-party reimbursement. In the USA, healthcare organizations are paid by government programs, including Medicare and Medicaid and some private health insurance plans. Health care is one of the most expensive sectors around the world, and the US government spends

Introduction Monetary advancement has broadly been viewed as a noteworthy target of the financial technique, yet in recent years, a few people have begun to improve endeavours near the material way of life, saying that this expansion will do little to improve welfare. This contention depends on significant discoveries as of late. Literature on subjective well-being, called the “Easterlin Paradox,” demonstrates that there is not at all any link between

The colonial economy is a system whose main responsibilities are consumption and production. This concept was initiated by the colonists in the different colonies all over the world. The purpose was to fulfill the economic demands of the community, which included the area of investment, raw materials and the settlements. The basic living style was also considered, for example, agriculture, transportation, mining, communication, trade and commerce (Greenlaw et al., 2022).

Introduction Explaining the fruits of the globalized world, Robert Guest, in his book, revealed after a variety of visits to different states of the world that immigration has far-reaching effects on the lives of individuals living in native and foreign nations. He argues that international connections and linkages have promoted the growth of those nationals who were living in poor conditions. The writer finds that immigrants can easily establish contact

Health and Economic Costs of Smoking It is evident that passive as well as active smoking damages people’s health and has related economic costs. Cigarette smoking causes many diseases, causes health inequalities, and leads to premature deaths. The number of people dying from smoking-related diseases increases every year. Shortly, the deaths can increase at the rate of 7 percent each day. The population affected by smoking, shortly, can increase to

King, Malcolm X, and the Unfinished Struggle for Economic Justice The people who were celebrating the success and the development of the American nation from a tainted past to the glorified present; at the same time, a few people like Reverend Al Sharpton and Reverend Jesse Jackson were struggling for the rights of black people, whose rights had not yet been fulfilled. The American history of immigration is not like