Use of X-ray Diffractometry in Cosmetics
Introduction X-ray diffraction, usually abbreviated XRD, is a materials-characterization technique that can identify crystalline phases and provide information about crystal structure, lattice spacing, preferred orientation, crystallite size, and the proportion of some phases in a mixture. It can be valuable in cosmetic research and quality control because powders, pigments, fillers, minerals, and certain active ingredients may exist in crystalline forms. XRD does not, however, prove that an entire cosmetic is

