Violent Crime, Victimization, and Criminal Justice Responses
Introduction Violent crime causes immediate physical injury, fear, grief, lost income, medical cost, trauma, and long-term disruption to families and communities. The original essay recognizes that victims may experience psychological and physical harm and that criminal justice institutions should respond professionally. However, it also includes several damaging assumptions. It suggests that a victim’s “attractive look” or lifestyle can invite crime, describes victims as likely to repeat violence against others, and

