Staphylococcus saprophyticus habits in the nasal passage and axillae of mammals. It is a common organism found in human skin commensal. It does not really live in healthy human beings’ skin. It naturally lives in the cells of uroepithelial cells and the body of sheep, besides other domestic animals. It cannot survive in the harsh environmental conditions but only survives in the host animals’ body (Kuever, Rainey, & Widdel, 2015). This kind of organism causes urinary tract infections of a normal human being. It affects human beings through contact with domestic animals or by sexual intercourse. The organism colonizes the urinary tract of young women mostly and men of all ages. Once it colonizes the urinary tract, it can manifest to spread to other areas like the rectal and vaginal areas. Its continuous stay in the body of a person can cause diseases such as septicemia, endocarditis, nephrolithiasis, and pyelonephritis. Research shows that the risk of contracting this organism from cows, pigs, and sheep is major in summer and spring, as well as through outdoor swimming. The organism can be treated by penicillinase-resistant beta-lactase if acquired outside hospitals, but in hospitals, it can be treated by the administration of vancomycin.
Enterobacter aerogenes is a gram-negative bacteria commonly found in the soil, dairy products, water, and intestines of mammals. Their presence in human beings alongside other animals is mainly in the gastrointestinal tracts (Kuever, Rainey, & Widdel, 2015). These organisms are motile, and they grow both aerobically and anaerobically. Enterobacter aerogenes is usually a nosocomial opportunistic pathogen. It causes extra-intestinal infections, which include wounds in the bloodstream and central nervous system. These infections are later in adulthood and are related to meningitis, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. The organism can be treated using the traditional approach, which entails single-agent antimicrobial therapy using fluoroquinolone, cephalosporin, and aminoglycoside. However, the organism develops resistance to the drugs, and hence, new strategies involve a combination of these drugs to make an even stronger drug.
Reference
Kuever, J., Rainey, F. A., & Widdel, F. (2015). Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria.
