Question 1
If you inherit the abnormal gene from one parent you can get the disease it is common that one parent usually has the disease
Inheriting of the traits solidly depends on the type of affected chromosome and is also depends on whether the straight is recessive or dominant. Also an abnormal on one of the 22 autosomal chromosomes can cause the disease.
The disease can also affect a newborn where none of the parents have the conditions.
Children who do not pose the gene will not inherit or pass the genes to their off-springs. Anyone diagnosed with the autosomal dominant condition is advised to get their parents to get tested if they own the abnormal gene.
Question 2
Sex-linked conditions are passed down through the X or Y chromosome. This comes from either the male or the females. There are cases of dominant inheritance which occurs when one of the sex chromosomes from either parent causes the disease as much as one of the matching parent’s gene is normal. However, most of these cases are usually abnormal. A point to note is that the term the sex-linked condition is mostly related to the X chromosome. These complications in most cases occur in males and rarely in females. Only a single recessive gene of the X chromosome will end up causing the difficulties.
Question 3
There are some things that we have to understand regarding these two aspects in the first place. The nuclear DNA is bi-parentally inherited as opposed to the mitochondrial DNA. The mitochondrial DNA, on the other hand, is maternally inherited. In this case, the first significant disadvantage of using the mitochondria in DNA is apparent. Additionally, the nuclear mitochondria are haploid while the nuclear DNA is diploid. A summary of the two leads us to understand that from the two, the size of the mitochondria DNA is ¼ that of the nuclear DNA. Therefore, we realize that mutations will in most cases go to fixations in the mitochondria DNA.
The mitochondria are more informative as compared to the latter nucleus DNA because is bi-parentally inherited. This takes advantage of using the mitochondria in DNA testing Keeping this in mind, it, therefore, becomes more accessible to resolve relationships between species that have recently diverged.
References
Advantages and disadvantages of mtDNA and/vs. Nuclear DNA analysis? R/biology. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.reddit.com/r/biology/comments/2p35s2/advantages_and_disadvantages_of_mtdna_andvs/
Weingarten, C. N., & Jefferson, S. E. (2009). Sex chromosomes: Genetics, abnormalities and disorders. New York: Nova Biomedical Books.
