Influence Of ISIS Terrorist Group

ISIS is part of the Al-Qaeda group living in Iraq and known as the Islamic State of Iraq (ISI). Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi is an Iraqi who led ISIS. When the civil war in Syria became severe, the participation of ISIS in this war was little. In 2011, Jabhat al-Jabhat al-Nusra was created by a member of ISI, Abu Muhammad al-JoulanI. This group is the primary group of jihadists that took part in a war in Syria. Baghdadi and ISI funded and supported Joulani in the participation of his group in the war. Baghdadi wants to increase and get more control over Jabhat al-Nusra and wants to increase the activities in Syria. Therefore, ISIS was formed last year in April. As the ideology and strategy of both groups were different, this resulted in disagreement between both powers. As compared to Al-Qaida, ISIS came out as more intense and barbaric, not only for Jabhat al-Nusra but for Al-Qaida as well. This cruelness of ISIS led to the disapproval of the public by Zawahiri. Last month, Zawahiri asked ISIS to return to Iraq and escape from Syria (Tran, 2014).

Due to all these situations, the unity between ISIS and Jabhat al-Nusra ended. They are not on the same grounds, but the idea is that ISIS lost its power when it took over the second largest city of Iraq, Mosul. The area from Syrian eastern edge of Aleppo to Falluja in western Iraq is under the control of ISIS. Today, even the northern areas of Mosul are controlled by ISIS. During the control of ISIS over Syria, Raqqa and the eastern part of Aleppo, ISIS showed its inhumanity and barbarity. The blame for human killings done in February is on Muhammad Bahaiah, who is a leader of Aleppo and a member of the Salafi group Ahrar al-Sham. It is believed that Muhammad Bahaiah is in contact with the leader of al-Qaida. The blame is on Abu Muhammad al-Ansari, his family and his relative’s assassination, who is the leader of Jabhat al-Nusra in the Idlib governorate. ISIS gave the order to execute a man incriminated of killing; decapitate along with amputations are also kinds of punishment included (Tran, 2014).

No matter the merciless influence of ISIS, the flexible behavior was shown by ISIS when it came to dealing with Sunnis in Iraq against the government of a Shia leader known as Nouri al-Maliki. On the website of Al-Monitor, Mashreq Abbas gave a brief description of the presentation of Baghdadi as a substitute for Sunni tribal and political leaders and restrained preachers opposing the central government. ISIS aids its power by gathering many foreign volunteers living in Syria, coming from the US and Europe, and is supposed to control almost 10,000 individuals. When it comes to resources, including coercion of huge networks residing in Mosul, foreshadow the withdrawal of US and economic powers like Conoco gas field was confiscated by ISIS, which costs more than a thousand dollars, starting from Jabhat al-Nusra to Deir Ezzor, areas of Syria. After capturing Mosul, ISIS strengthened its place as one of the dominant jihadi groups (Tran, 2014).

As Charles Lister said in his article last month, “In the Jihadi community, ISIS thinks that is a substitute of al-Qaida and also considered as a challenge for Ayman al-Zawahiri, who is a leader of al-Qaida,” Charles Lister is a visiting scholar at Brookings, Institution of Doha. He added, “ISIS has become a powerful drive with clear goals other than Syria and Iraq” (Tran, 2014).

General Aggression Model

GAM is a plan that explains how a state of aggression initiates between groups and why this situation prevails. The features that lead a group to different situations result in a state of aggression, along with environmental factors that boost aggression (Benjamin, 2008). Due to the past experiences of groups or individuals, certain attitudes, values, beliefs, and motivations are created. Research done on the effects of discontinuity shows that the process of groups is affected to a great extent by internal factors. Other researchers studied the attitude and told dominant people as a member of group force people to present their attitudes which are in support of the group, on the other hand, dominant people members of outgroup have a reverse effect (DeWall, Anderson and Bushman, 2011).

GAM presents a greedy and fair aspect of describing why violence starts and remains in a group. Models of sociology, along with social learning theory, help to understand why violence takes place in a group, but there are certain limitations in understanding the extent of powers that affect this violence. According to the socioecological aspect, to understand why violence is initiated in a group, you must look at the individuals of the group, the relationship between those individuals and the members of other groups and the relationship of group members with the community members (Benjamin, 2008). However, these analyses only give a narrow view of the factors that start different situations in a group, and these factors do not explain the four-level socioecological model effects on the decision-making process and evaluation process that explains why group enroll and adopt the conflicting behavior (DeWall, Anderson, and Bushman, 2011).

Preventive Measures

Following preventive measures could be taken to prevent terrorism:

• Measures that prohibit both men and women from taking part in terrorist activities.
• Giving favorable circumstances to support individuals for disconnecting from VERLT even if they are on their way to or involved (Wright-Neville, 2009).
• Refusing the effects of terrorism that are in support of and provide resources to design and execute terrorist activities.
• Planning and providing protection from terrorist activities for reducing the susceptibility of individuals in the conflicting framework (Tedeschi and Felson, 1994).
• Following the suspects of terrorist to capture and provide justice for them
• Answering the activities of terrorists to take equal measures, to deal with the effects of these activities and to help the victims.

References

Benjamin, A. J. (2008). The General Aggression Model as a Framework for Understanding Torture and Genocide. Retrieved from http://www.nssa.us/journals/2008-31-1/2008-31-1-01.htm

DeWall, C. N., Anderson, C. A. & Bushman, B. J. (2011). The General Aggression Model: Theoretical Extensions to Violence. American Psychological Association. 2011, Vol. 1, No. 3, 245–258. DOI: 10.1037/a0023842

Tedeschi, J. T., & Felson, R. B. (1994). Violence, aggression, and coercive actions. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Tran, M. (2014). Who are Isis? A terror group too extreme even for al-Qaida. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/11/isis-too-extreme-al-qaida-terror-jihadi

Wright-Neville, D. (2009). Community Policing and Counterterrorism: The Australian Experience, Athens: Research Institute for European and American Studies,