In the past few decades, innovative chemistry products have played a significant role in improving humanity’s quality of life and have made tremendous efforts to preserve the environment. The chemical industry, therefore, is continuously changing and progressing in terms of innovative technologies and is responsible for playing a fundamental role in sustaining the environment and also in maintaining the quality of humanity’s life on a global scale. The industry is

If we speak a more common language, sodium hydroxide is known to people as caustic soda. Most people know its formula from school, as it’s used quite often when studying inorganic chemical compounds. This compound consists of sodium cations Na+ and hydroxide anions OH–, and so its formula is — NaOH. As mentioned before, you might have seen numerous reactions with this inorganic compound even during chemistry classes at school,

Working in a Chemistry Laboratory requires a lot of safety precautions from the students and teachers alike. Lack of safety can lead to extremely dangerous accidents, so the students need to know about different safety measures. This essay aims to develop an understanding of these precautionary measures so that accidents can be avoided. Your priority before entering the laboratory should be attire, as the way you dress can impact your

Method Section We conducted an experiment on tomatoes to find out about their ageing process in the presence of light and absence of light. The independent variable is light. The dependent variable is the ageing process of the Roma tomatoes. We manipulated the independent variable (light), to see if the aging process (dependent variable) is affected by it. We used 8 Roma tomatoes to conduct an experiment on the ageing

Bone grafting is the major challenge the modern world is facing; allografts have limitations, including the immunogenic response of the host to foreign tissues and potential disease transmission. To avoid these limitations, natural coral graft substitutes are evaluated. Corals belong to the phylum Cnidaria, a marine invertebrate that is classified into soft corals and hard corals. Coral reefs are primarily composed of the shells of aragonite and crystalline forms of

Abstract The purpose of this experiment is to study, evaluate and observe the variating behavior of 1-Butanol’s Entropy and Enthalpy of Vaporization based on variating temperature and pressure. For the observation of this variating thermodynamic behavior of 1-Butanol, the experiment was set up. The experiment was conducted thrice to ensure that stable results were observed. The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the behavior of 1-butanol in terms of

Atoms are composed of three types of sub-atomic particles. Complete the following table to give their names, masses and charges. Name of Particle Mass Charge Li 6.941 3 Mg 24.3 12 Cr 51.996 24 2. Define the terms: Atomic Number “The atomic number of the chemical element is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of the element. It is the charge number of the nucleus since

The colour red in the hair is very rare in the whole world. About one to two per cent of the people in the world are red-haired. Human skin and hair follicles contain some specific cells in the body that are known as melanocytes. The melanocyte cells are responsible for the creation of a particular kind of pigment known as melanin that is responsible for giving colour to the skin

How Was The Lead Battery Made? Most people who use lead-acid batteries only know the basics concerning this battery, which contains an acid that creates an electrical current through chemical reactions. But in reality, these batteries are made out of a strip of lead used to make battery grids that conduct an electric current and provide a surface for the active material. The grids are applied with a paste that

Lab report Introduction Sodium thiosulphate reacts with Hydrochloric acid reacts to form a yellow precipitate of sulphur. The equation is: Na2S2O3 (aq) + 2HCl (aq) 2NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)+ S(s) + SO2(g) The time taken for the same amount of yellow precipitate to be produced provides a method of measuring the rate of reaction at different concentrations. The reaction of sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid can be easy to

1- Definition, such as what a pig is and what a pigging operation is. Pigging can be defined as the action of making a device travel inside a line of pipes to perform a specific job. Pigging comes from the word PIG, which is used to give a name to these internal devices. PIG is defined as Pipeline Internal Gauging (Internal Line Calibrator), which relates these devices to several works

Introduction In industrial physicals, energy conservation is one of the most critical aspects and important procedures. Whenever involved in the manufacturing or development of any new electromagnetic component, the loss of energy needs to be conserved to avoid any losses that cannot only be harmful to resource optimization but also to the environment. Since the loss of energy is because of the collision of ions and charged particles, it needs

Introduction PCR is a common and important technique that is used in biological and medical research laboratories in different fields of biology. These applications include DNA cloning for sequencing, functional gene analysis, genetic fingerprint identification, and diagnosis of genetic disorders. It utilizes a DNA polymerase enzyme that helps in the production of DNA from deoxynucleotide substrates. DNA polymerase enlarges the 3rd end of an oligonucleotide by adding nucleotides. Therefore, “if

Introduction The portfolio herein discusses the consolidation of three laboratories, including the chemistry, hematology, and virology laboratories of St David’s University Hospital, St Martin’s Hospital, and St Jude’s Hospital. Consolidation of hospital laboratories can take time, but it is beneficial to all service users who will use the laboratory. Before the portfolio talks about the consolidation process, it is essential to understand chemistry, hematology, and virology. Chemistry Chemistry is a

According to Balliet, “Biochemistry refers to the study of chemical processes and transformations in a living organism.” Biochemistry allows learners to understand how chemical processes, for example, respiration influence the functioning of all living organisms. The history of biochemistry is dated back to 1903 when Carl Neuberg studied the transportation of soluble chemicals within cells and daily cellular processes. Biochemistry provides the scientific world with topics such as nutrition, medicine,

Explain the route of contamination for each chemical. Since Bisphenol A does not happen naturally but rather has turned out to be pervasive in food products because of its high creation, utilization, and consequent environmental presentation, its route contamination is basically the environmental wellsprings of BPA, which can be identified as preconsumer and postconsumer items. Based on the tests, melamine is unlawfully added to ice cream, keeping in mind the

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are kinds of industrious and bioaccumulating natural toxins with upgraded perpetual danger and cancer-causing properties and can be considered as ecological pointers of anthropogenic exercises since their event in the earth can simply be connected to anthropogenic exercises. The present paper surveys the primary sources and conduct of these mixes in nature and the dangers they pose to man and biota.

Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but differ in structural conformation. In C4H10O, the carbons can be arranged in a straight chain to form but i-ol and but-2ol. We can also have a chain with three carbon atoms and a branched methyl group in the middle to give 2-methyl propanol. Compounds formed can be ethers or alcohols. Three isomers with the formula C4H10O hence can be butan-1-ol, butan-2-,

Introduction Most organic polymers are considered to be insulators in their nature. However, conducting polymers, which are formed from organic polymers, can conduct electricity. The ICPs (Intrinsic conducting polymers) exist and contain an alternating double and single bond found along the backbone of the polymer (conjugate bonds), or they are composed of aromatic rings like phenylene, anthracene, thiophene, pyrrole, and also naphthalene that are connected to each other by a

Mendeleyev discovered the periodic table of the elements. This book not only covers Mendeleyev but also develops our understanding and knowledge of the constitution of matter traced back from ancient Greece and onwards. The four elements principle is earth, fire, air, and water, which are crucial constituents of nature and date back from Renaissance humanism to the late Middle Ages and possibly beyond. Mendeleyev’s dream outlines a view of the