1. What hostile group curtailed the Freeman-Custis Expedition?
The Freeman-Custis expedition was curtailed by the Spanish troops which were led by Francisco viana.The soldiers had marched over land while the explorers had followed the river leading to the confrontation between the two parties. The area where they confronted is popularly known as the Spanish Bluff.
2. The severe series of shocks known as the New Madrid earthquake occurred over the winter of?
The New Madrid earthquake occurred in the winter of 1811 and 1812.
3. Where is New Madrid?
New Madrid is a city located in New Madrid County on the Kentucky bend of the Mississippi River, which is 68 kilometers southwest of Cairo.
4. What effect did the earthquakes have on Arkansas?
The ground rose and fell, opening big cracks in the ground.
The earthquakes destroyed human-made structures.
Surface deformation was also encountered due to the earthquakes.
5. What are the characteristics of Arkansas’ “sunk lands?”
The lands are submerged under the water in of property by landowners.
Creation of lakes and forests submerged in the water.
6. List two major results of the War of 1812 that directly affected Arkansas.
The Missouri government created the first county.
The Seizure of seamen and stoppage of American ships were due to James Madison’s exasperated admission.
7. What military unit was the first Fort Smith established in, and who was the commanding general of the Rifle Regiment? Where was the headquarters of the Rifle Regiment?
The fort smith was established by the Regiment of Riflemen unit.
The commanding general was General Thomas Adams Smith.
The headquarters of the rifle regiment was near St. Louis.
8. “Partly responsible for the establishment of Fort Smith” was the hostility between?
Fort Smith was established due to hostility between the Spanish and the United States.
9. What two officers established Fort Smith in 1817? What was the role of each officer in this endeavor?
Fort Smith was established by Major William Bradford and by Major Stephen H. Long
Ste. ven h long designed the fort while Major William Bradford built the fort.
10. Who was Arkansas’ first territorial governor? In what War of 1812 battle did he win hero status?
James Miller was the first territorial governor. His victory in the Battle of Lundy’s Lane made him a hero.
11. Who appointed the territorial governors?
Territorial governors were appointed by the president.
12. Who served as territorial secretary and as acting governor for a period in 1819?
Robert Crittenden served as territorial secretary and also as acting governor for nine months in 1819.
13. What event necessitated the formation of Arkansas territory in 1819?
The petition by Missouri for statehood.
14. What was the status of slavery in the state of Missouri and the territory of Arkansas as defined by the Missouri Compromise?
Maine was made a free state, while Missouri was a slave state. This was to balance the power between the North and South.
15. What did New York Congressmen James Tallmadge and John Taylor propose about Missouri statehood and Arkansas Territory?
The two congressmen requested statehood and also proposed the restriction of slavery, which they believed was a state issue to be settled by the Constitution.
16. Where was Arkansas’ first capital, and what newspaper was set up there?
The first Arkansas capital was the Arkansas Post. The Arkansas Gazette was the newspaper set up there.
17. The 1821 Siege of Fort Smith may have been the closest that Arkansas and the U. S. came to warfare with?
Revolutionary War Combat.
18. Where did David Hall, Sr. settle, and what made his family unique among Arkansas yeomen? (from the Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture)
David Hall settled in the white river with his family.
He was the first to cultivate corn and make whiskey, and this would sustain him and his family. His entire family followed the same line of farming which made them unique.
19. What kinship formed between David Hall and Peter Caulder? (from the Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture)
Peter Caulder married the daughter of David Hall, making him the son-in-law of David Hall.
20. What was the fate of the Quapaw Indians in Arkansas Territory?
They were removed by the united states government in 1818 and 1824.however they had tried to maintain their peaceful coexistence.
21. What deadly event effectively ended the political career of Robert Crittenden in Arkansas?
The appointment of George Izard as the governor, despite being recommended by Henry Conway, who was a delegate of Congress when the former governor James Miller resigned, left Robert as the secretary of state.
22. When did Arkansas become a state, and under what presidential administration?
Arkansas was state the number to be admitted to the Union.
Arkansas became a state on June 15th, 1836, under President Andrew Jackson’s administration. Arkansas was the 25th state to be admitted to the Union.
23. What was a campaign issue of the Whig Party in Arkansas?
They supported Crittenden, and his allies, who believed statehood gave hope of returning political power through state opportunities and federal elective offices and land access that may come along.
24. Identify these politicians: James Sevier Conway, Albert Pike, Archibald Yell
James Sevier Conway
He was the first elected governor of the Arkansas state in 1836.
His administration was recognized by economic issues, funds in the treasury, created the state’s first banks, and the national depression, which consumed the surplus and contributed to the collapse of the banking system.
Albert Pike
Born in Boston, Albert Pike also taught in schools and wrote articles for Little Rock, Arkansas, where he later joined the newspaper. After marrying Mary Ann in 1834, he bought the paper.
He was the first Arkansas supreme court reporter, he studied law and was admitted to the bar in1837. Where he represented native Americans against the federal government.
Archibald Yell
He was the first Arkansas congressman, and he was the second governor of Arkansas after James Miller. He was also the Founder of the first Masonic lodge.
Yell County and Yellville (Marion County) were named after him.
25. What parties were involved in the infamous knife fight in the Arkansas legislature, and how did this event magnify one of Arkansas’ most persistent problems?
The infamous fight in Arkansas involved state Representative of Randolph County, Major Joseph Anthony, and Speaker of the House, Colonel John Wilson of Clark County.
The urge to verify the predicted tax and where the pelts were derived caused the disagreement, leading to the fight between the two. This action highlighted corruption as one of the problems encountered by the Arkansas.
26. George William Featherstonehaugh traveled through Arkansas. In what year, and how did he injure Arkansas.’Reputation? What contemporary revolutionary did Fanshaw meet in Arkansas, and where?
George William Featherstonehaugh traveled through Arkansas in 1831. His writing described the Arkansas people as crude, which injured Arkansas.
27. What author wrote bear stories and other humorous encounters about the people of Devil’s Fork of the Little Red River? What artist’s painting of an Arkansas scene is entitled The Arkansas Traveler?
The author of Devil’s Fork was Albert Pike. Colonel Sanford Sandy Faulkner was the one who painted the Arkansas traveler.
28. What Massachusetts-born Arkansan wrote in glowing terms of the land and beauty of Arkansas? Who is this man’s most competent biographer?
Albert Pike wrote The Land Beauty in glowing terms.
Mason Jim Tresner was the most complete biographer of Albert Pike.
29. The first five elected governors of Arkansas were born in what state?
The first five elected governors were born in Kentucky State. This demonstrates a recurrent principle of migration along the lines of latitude.
This is because cultural interaction from east to west was more natural than from north to south.
30. What is your reason for that tendency?
Migration in the same latitude line promoted the sharing of animals, crops, and technology.
31. Historian Donald McNeilly wrote about settlement in Arkansas’ richest farmlands by a group he calls the “Boy Planters.” What does the author mean by that term? (Note: read a review of The Old South Frontier: Cotton Plantations and the Formation of Arkansas Society).
Boy planters were a phrase used to refer to the workers who worked on the cotton farms.
32. Arkansas voters usually followed the politics of what national party?
Arkansas voters followed the politics of the democratic republic party.
33. Early Arkansas governors were followers of what heroic and controversial president?
They were supporters of President Andrew Jackson.
34. Who was the Tennessee political ally of Archibald Yell, who was elected president on the Democratic ticket in 1844? How did this president affect James Knox Polk, who was Archibald’s political ally?
President Polk’s administration saw the expansion of the United States with the annexation of the Texas Republic, Oregon territory, and the Mexican Cession (Dougan et al. 47).
35. What former governor of Arkansas was killed in the Battle of Buena Vista during the War with Mexico?
Archibald Yell was the former governor who was killed in the battle.
36. Who was the hero of Buena Vista, and who used that fame to win the 1848 presidential election?
Major Zachary Taylor was the hero and used his fame to win the 1848 presidential election (Dougan et al. 27).
37. What two influential Arkansans fought a duel over honor near Fort Smith while the War with Mexico was going on?
Colonel John Selden Roane and Albert Pike.
38. The War with Mexico occurred under which presidential administration? What were its years?
The Mexican War occurred during the presidency of James Knox Polk and was between the years 1846-1848.
39. What vast territories were ceded by Mexico to the United States with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848?
Mexico ceded Alta California and Santa Fe de Nuevo México territories.
40. What event occurred in northern California at this time that profoundly affected Arkansas and U. S.History?
Mexico gave the United States ownership of California (Dougan et al. 23).
41. What army explorer led the Fort Smith Expedition to Dona Ana (near El Paso) in 1849 and in so doing mapped out a route for emigrants and a railroad to California? (see index for The Journal of the Fort Smith Historical Society).
Randolph Barnes Marcy was the army explorer who led the Fort Smith expedition.
Reference
Arkansas. Bureau of Mines, Manufactures and Agriculture, 1930.
Genova, L. Inside the O’Brien’s: A novel. 2015.
Dougan, Michael B, et al. Arkansas History: An Annotated Bibliography. Greenwood P, 1995.
