Differentiate Between SNCC And SCLC And Causes

Questions I and II

Part I

Thin Blue Line

This was a term coined to denote a boundary of police use of force in holding down pervasive crimes following the Watts Riots.

Sit-In

This was an act of protest by young African American staged after Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro refused to serve them. After a widespread protest, it forced Woolworths to change their segregationist policies.

Freedom Summer

This term referred to the right that blacks were granted by the U.S. Congress to participate in the voting process in Mississippi after passing the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Boycott Of Wonder Bread

The boycott of Wonder Bread was called by Martin Luther King Jr due to the racist nature of the company. Wonderbread was notorious for discriminating against black employees, and it discriminated against them by denying them promotions. However, the call for a wonder bread boycott did not gain much prominence.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

This was a civil protest by African American against segregated seats on bus rides in Alabama. This boycott was also engineered by Martin Luther Jr and other civil rights activists like Rosa Parks. After a long struggle with a protest against black people’s segregation in the bus, Montgomery federal court ruled that it was a violation of the human right of equality of race and protection.

Racial Imbalance Act

The law was enacted to find racial imbalance at public schools and to inform the school board of education in writing. The law was intended to bring equality in public schools among the races.

Freedom Rides

This was a protest against race segregation, especially on the black bus rides in 1961. It led to the banning of segregation by the Supreme Court.

Metco

METCO was established to expand equal educational opportunities and diversity in Boston by admitting other students from different races.

Part II

Civil Rights Movement

Leaders at the forefront of this movement included Philip Randolph, Bayard Rustin and Martin Luther. This was a struggle for equality during the 1950s and 1960s by the black people seeking equal social rights under the United States Law. It led to the abolishment of slavery despite failing to put an end to discrimination against blacks. The movement led to legislative changes seeking equality and voting rights for African Americans. Both the 14th and 15th in 1848 and 1870 gave blacks protection and the right to vote, respectively.

Black Power

This was a civil rights rallying phrase by Willie Ricks. Its goals were to inspire and achieve self-determination for the black people. Black power slogan was instrumental and led to the current black lives matter movement. Black power featured new tactics and goals, such as resilience and the use of violence as a defense against oppression.

Boston Civil Rights Movement

This movement was started in the spirit of the African symbol, Sankofa, which reminded them to keep their heritage. The movement entailed freedom campaigns, peaceful protests, and demonstrations against de facto segregation in the schools in Boston.

Differentiate Between SNCC And SCLC And Causes

Martin Luther King and Bayard Rustin were the founders of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). SNCC, which is the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee, was a civil rights group founded for young blacks to give them a voice in the civil rights movement. SNNC was birthed from SCLC by Ella Baker in the wake of a sit-in at the Greensboro lunch counter where some black students were denied service. Ellas felt that SCLC was out of touch with what young black people required, and she felt that Martin Luther King was too controlling. She then went ahead and formed the SNCC. Ella Baker encouraged the young black people to view SNCC as a form of integration to broader social change and to envision the principles of Martin Luther King of non-violence as a way of life and not merely as a political tactic.

SNCC played vital roles in movements such as the Freedom Rides, which were strongly against segregation in the bus rides. SNCC was instrumental in the voters’ registration of blacks in the South.

De Facto VS De Jure Segregation

De facto segregation was a situation where legislation in place during racial integration efforts did not segregate students by race, but still, segregation in the schools continued. This segregation was not due to the law but was seen in the pattern of the settlement. De facto segregation was mainly practiced by bitter Southerners. A perfect example of de facto segregation was the “white flight,” which was a mass migration of white citizens when schools were integrated. What occurred was the parents of the white students enrolling their children in private schools.

De jure segregation is the kind of segregation established by the law. An example of de jure segregation is where the blacks and whites were allowed to be segregated as long the law stipulated equal rights.

Instrumental Vs. Expressive

Expressive political concerns itself with the emotions and morale of its members to ensure that it succeeds. It involves coaching and following up with members to take action, while instrumental politics is goal-oriented, and set objectives are keenly followed. Political leaders following this system ensure that the group meets its goals.

1950s Roots Of 1960s

The events of the 1950s, such as World War II, shaped many trends in the 1960s. For example, the resulting effect of the world war such as job creation and higher incomes, allowed the youths in the 1960s to change their focus from political conformity to serious public actions.