Suffolk is a suburban country which is present on the island in the United States. The country has the extreme of the New York. The population of this country is approximately 1.5 million as of the 2017 census, making it the fourth most populated country in the state of New York. The total area of the country is 2373 square miles, and in this, only 912 square miles is land area, and the rest is water. The three sides of the country are surrounded by water. The country is the second largest in New York. The median age of the population is 41.2, which is 10 percent higher than the median age in New York as the median age in New York is 38.4 (“U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts,” 2017). A total of 62 percent of people are aged between 15 years to 64 years. At the same time, 22 percent of people are under the age of 18 and 16 percent of people. Approximately 69.2% of people living in Suffolk are white which is 25 percent higher as compared to New York. Other races are which common area is Hispanic, making up 18.2% of the total population, similar to the percentage in New York. Also, 7.2% of the total population is black by race/ethnicity, and this rate is 50% lower in the country as compared to the one in New York. The country has almost 51 percent females, and the rest are males, and this percentage is similar to the statistics of New York. English is the most spoken language in the country, and 75 percent of people can only speak English.
The size of the family is another demographic indicator that is essential for the development and understanding of the demographics of a country. There are approximately 474,311 households present in the country, and the average household size is 3.1 persons per household. Approximately 52 percent of the population is married and has been living in the same house for years. Most of the people living in the house are the owner of the house and only 21 percent of the people are living in the rented houses.
According to the statistics of the year 2016, the median household income of the resident of this country was $ 92,933which is 1.5 times more as compared to the median income of the household of the residents of New York. The per capita income is $40,253, which is 10 percent higher than that of New York. Despite this household income, 7.3 percent of people of Suffolk are living in poverty (“Census profile,” n.d.). The reported employment increase rate for one year is 0.81 percent, and the most common jobs for the people living in the country are in the fields of management, business, sales, science and arts, as well as other services. For example, 14.2 percent of people living in Suffolk are involved in administrative kind of jobs. However, the most common jobs are not the highest-paid jobs in the country because the highest-paid jobs in the country are healthcare, firefighting, legal and engineering jobs. In the year 2015, it was reported that there was a desparity in the wages for males and females. It was reported that males receive 1.25 times more than females doing the same job.
Education in the country is the baseline for any development and progress. If the minimum educational level is high, that means the country has a brighter future. Suffolk has several universities, both public and private, across the country. In Suffolk, 90.8 percent of the people are high school graduates or above, and among them, 34 percent have a bachelor’s degree or higher (“Suffolk County, NY,” n.d.). The education percentage of the country is similar to the percentage of New York. In the country, most of the student population is female, with a total of 8599 students (“Suffolk County, NY,” n.d.). The major subjects studied by the students are business administration, management, psychology and health services (“Suffolk County, NY,” n.d.).
Health Status of the Population:
The health of the population is reasonably better, and 89 percent of the civilians have health insurance coverage. The life expectancy of the country is higher as compared to the life expectancy in the United States. However, people living in low socio-economic places or deprived areas have 7.2 years lower life expectancy for men and 4.4 years lower life expectancy for women (Suffolk-Health Profile, 2017). However, 4.6% of the total population under the age of 18 years has no health insurance coverage. But there is approximately 14 percent of the population above the age of 18 years is not insured.
According to the data, there were 11336 deaths occurred in the country in the year 2011. There are several causes of death, but the leading causes are heart disease, cancers, unintentional injuries, chronic respiratory diseases and stroke.
Adults in the country also have high rates of other chronic diseases, such as diabetes. According to the data from the year 2009, 9 percent of the population has diabetes (“Suffolk County Indicators For Tracking Prevention Agenda Priority Areas,” 2012). Body weight is one of the main reasons which can initiate several health diseases. For example, increased body weight can lead to diabetes, heart problems and other health issues. Approximately 21 percent of the Suffolk population was obese, as per the data from the year 2009 (“Suffolk County Indicators For Tracking Prevention Agenda Priority Areas,” 2012). The rate must have increased because of the sedentary lifestyle and increased junk food prevalence across the globe.
Cancer is another leading cause of death in the country after heart disease. For example, it is reported that one in two men and one woman in three will be diagnosed with one form of cancer at some point in their life. According to the data, the age-adjusted cancer rate for the country is reported to be 170.6 per 1000 people living in the country, and the data is from the year 2007-2009 (Bellone & Tomarken, 2017). As per New York registry data, approximately 8900 cases were reported for the Suffolk country (Bellone & Tomarken, 2017).
Suicide is one of the unfavorable and unpredictable types of mortality. Having a high suicide rate negatively impacts the growth of the country as well as the lives of the individuals. The suicide rate in the United States has been increasing over the past few years, and Suffolk also has been reported to have a high suicide rate, which is 6 percent approximately closer to that reported in New York is 7% (“Suffolk County Indicators For Tracking Prevention Agenda Priority Areas,” 2012).
Maternal and child health depends on the fertility rate of the country, and the fertility of this country is 3.8 percent, which is 80 percent of that of New York’s fertility rate. The infant mortality rate was 3.9 per 1000 live births in the year 2009 (“Suffolk County Indicators For Tracking Prevention Agenda Priority Areas,” 2012). There was a decline in the infant mortality rate from 2007 to the year 2009. However, there was a 50 percent decline in neonatal death when the rate went from 1.4 to 0.7 per 1000 live births. Low birth weight is another issue that hamper the health of the child. Several countries are struggling to cater to the issue, and the percentage is decreasing. However, the percentage of low birthweight is still significantly high. It is estimated from the data of 2009 that 7.6 percent of the newborn children in Suffolk have low birth weight. The percentage of low birth weight remains almost the same, as 7.5% of children were reported to be born with low birth weight (“Maternal and Infant Health Indicators – Suffolk County,” 2017). A low birth weight is defined in these reports as a child who is born with a weight of 2500 grams or less.
Maternal mortality rate is another main factor determining the health and well-being of a country. Having a high maternal mortality rate questions the overall health and healthcare system of the country. The maternal mortality rate in Suffolk is 14.9 per 1000 live births between the years 2013 to 2015 (“Maternal and Infant Health Indicators – Suffolk County,” 2017).
Disability is another element that describes or provides information about the health of a country. Approximately 6.8% of the people aged between 18 years to 64 years residing in Suffolk are disabled (Bellone & Tomarken, 2017). Among this percentage, 6.6 percent are white, and 10.4 percent are black. The percentage of disabled people who are above 64 years of age is 25 percent (Bellone & Tomarken, 2017).
Health Care Resources:
The health department of a country is the one that provides the resources that can be used for the improvement of healthcare. There health department of Suffolk provides a range of services to the residents of the country. The health department of the country is primarily divided into nine categories which are educators, health care professionals, entomologists, forensic specialists, sanitarians and engineers. These departments are supported by administrative staff who help in running the functions of the department smoothly.
The doctor-patient ratio is another aspect that determines the healthcare resources of the country. In order to enhance the quality of care, the doctor-patient ratio is important because if the patient ratio is too high for a doctor, then he or she will not be able to provide health services in a quality manner. The patient-doctor ratio in Suffolk is based on the type of care. For instance, it is 1 to 75 for primary care, 1 to 79 for dentists, 1 to 232 for mental health professionals and 1 to 74 for other services.
Infant Mortality:
Parenatal care and infant mortality are one of the essential indicators for the health of any country. Most of the women have their first birth and are not able to understand the changes that are happening in their lives.
Infants are direct related to the health of the mothers. The average infant mortality rate of the country Suffolk from the year 2007 to the year 2011 was 4.1 per 1000 live births (Bellone & Tomarken, 2017). The racial difference in the rate is high as the African-American has the highest rate of infant mortality in these five years, which is 10.6 deaths per 1000 live births as compared to 3.6 deaths per 1000 live births among white people (Bellone & Tomarken, 2017).
Premature birth, pregnancy complications, the health of the mothers, infections, and other respiratory diseases are some of the reasons for infant mortality across the globe. In Suffolk, one of the main reasons for the deaths of babies before their first birthday is premature birth. Approximately 60 to 70 infants die in the country annually because of several reasons such as 60 percent of the infants die because of extreme prematurity, 20 percent from congenital anomalies and 11 percent die when there is no explanation for the death of the children (Bellone & Tomarken, 2017). Because the pregnancy rate of females between the ages of 15 year to 17 years is 15.9 per 1000 (“Suffolk County Indicators For Tracking Prevention Agenda Priority Areas,” 2012), which is fairly high, young females will have issues during their birth, leading to increased rates of infant mortality.
Existing Programs in the Community:
Because of the high rate of infant mortality in the country, there are several steps that government and public service agencies have taken to improve the health and health services for the residents of the Suffolk country. There are several community health programs, such as Suffolk Perinatal Coalition, the postpartum resource center and other programs that have been used to improve the health of infants and mothers (Bellone & Tomarken, 2017). These organizations work with the government to provide resources to the community. For example, the Suffolk Perinatal Coalition is a non-profit organization which is working in the section of infant health. It provides resources to lessen infant mortality, birth weight issues, and prematurity issues, as well as promote women’s health, leading to improvement in the health of families (Bellone & Tomarken, 2017).
The government of Suffolk has also initiated several programs to improve the health of infants as well as reduce the rate of infant mortality. The country’s Department of Health Services and health centers provide comprehensive primary care for children, infants and mothers. The services include immunization programs, child and mother examinations, screening and other issues (Bellone & Tomarken, 2017). The visits to health centers have increased over the years for those who are between the ages of 0 and 21 years because of the services provided by the country.
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