Biomedical Models Essay
The biomedical model has been in existence since the mid 19th century. It focuses on biological factors which exclude environmental, psychological and social influence. It is regarded to be the leading modern method used by healthcare professionals to diagnose and cure certain health conditions in several Western countries (Wade & Peter, 2014, p. 25). The biomedical model deals with diseases that are caused by biological factors. However, the advantages of the model are; that it increases the life expectancy of the population as the treatment advance. It is very effective in the treatment of various common problems and returning people to a good health state. It is argued that the biomedical model can lead to advance medical technology which is required for the treatment of people. Biomedical can also improve the quality of life for individuals suffering from chronic conditions.
The disadvantages of the biomedical model are several and some of them are; that the use of advanced medical technology can be very costly to a government and therefore, the biomedical model is very expensive. The model does not address factors that caused certain medical conditions like other models do to make sure that a health condition is properly treated. Under the biomedical model, not all health condition can be cured but the behavior can be managed. And the final disadvantage is that paying for treatment and medication through biomedical approach can be expensive for an individual patient.
The social model of health
The social model of health addresses influences which can result in poor health. It is supposed to improve the health and well-being of a person through addressing social economic and environmental issues which affect the health of a society. The advantages of the social model of health care; it is the best community approach to prevent illness and disease in society, it addressed a wider influence on health rather than injury and disease, and therefore, it is one of the best models which can be used to address health issues. It is also put a lot of focus on the promotion of health, policies, and the provision of education.
The disadvantages are that though it prevents conditions certain conditions cannot be prevented, the model does not promote the development of technology and therefore, technology is not in the prevention of diseases. However, the studies have shown that the model does not address the health condition of everybody (Samaha, 2012).
A holistic model of health
The holistic model of health provides the highest and best quality of health results. Its results are also reliable and accurate compared to other models of health. The disadvantages of the holistic model of health are that there is a need for computer software that is used for the calculation of the result.
Bio psychological model of health
The biopsychological model of health is believed to be discovered in the 1970s and it claims that the well-being and health of people depend on the interaction of biological, physiological, and mental factors. It does not contain any detailed explanation for diseases and diseases are caused by bacteria and viruses. It assumes all illness is a result of mental illness which is not a fact and that is its major disadvantage,
Based on research these healthcare models can be best used in the provision of nursing services within the nursing discipline to provide healthcare services to patients. Biomedical can be used to understand patients which is important in taking care of patients without any difficulty.
Orem’s Self Care
Orem’s Self Care is a care planning framework that was developed between 1959 and 2001. It was developed by Dorothea Orem. The theory means that human beings can be able to adapt to any environment. It states that a human being has the capability to adapt to someone’s environment until she or he becomes acquitted to the environment. Orem’s self-care is focused on homecare services and provides care to individual patients at home. It makes sure that each person is capable of providing personal care (Wayne, 2012).
Neuman system model
It is the nursing theory that is based on the personal relationship to reaction, stress, and reconstitution of factors that are very dynamic in nature. It was developed by Neuman who was a professor and a counselor. The care plan provides detailed flexible holistic and system-based nursing practices.
Compare and contrast the Neuman system and Orem’s self-care
The Neuman system care is more detailed and it provides holistic support to nurses for effective provision of nursing care. Orem’s self-care is the common theory that is practiced in most clinics. The objective of Orem was to define a clear goal of nursing. Newman’s theory describes each client uniquely and provides unique care while Orem’s self-care can be given in general and in most cases clients are not identified uniquely as done in Newman’s theory.
It is evident that the two theories define the nursing concepts and therefore, they can be best used in nursing practice.
Bibliography
Samaha, A. M. 2012. What Good Is the Social Model of Disability? Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers , 2-45.
Wade, D. T., & Peter, H. 201). Do biomedical models of illness make for good healthcare systems? U.S. National Library for Medicine and National Institution of Health , 2-35.
Wayne, G. 201). Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Theory. https://nurseslabs.com/dorothea-orems-self-care-theory/ , 1-34.
