Introduction
Psychology is defined differently by different researchers and authors from different perspectives. However, a universal and general definition of psychology is the study of human behavior and the mind. Psychologists and the people related to the nursing field look at the behavior of an individual from the perspective of a Biological approach, Behavioral approach, Cognitive approach, and Humanistic approach.
Biologists look at the behavior of individuals by using a biological approach which means the connection between the mental state and mind of a person, which affects the mood and actions of the individual. The nursing approach to biology also links it with the function of hormones and the nervous system, which means how hormones react with the nervous system to cause behavior in a person. The other perspective that defines the psychological behavior of a person is the Psychodynamic approach. This approach is normally used in the nursing career when the study of human body activities is crucial for treatment purposes. In the psychodynamic approach, psychologists look at the past experiences and early childhood of the individuals. They believe that the current behavior of a person is derived from early childhood and past experiences.
In addition to this, the Behavioral approach believes that reinforcement and punishments influence the behavior of a person. For example, the changes in the rule of law in the healthcare and nursing houses are essential to be understood properly. Such punishments are in the form of penalties from the government or the penalties in any organization. By enrolling in a nursing career, individuals are supposed to involve themselves to believe that external environmental factors do affect the behavior of an individual.
Moreover, the Cognitive school of thought in nursing believes that the behavior of an individual is determined by the expectations and emotions of the people. It means how to see reality and what they expect from life, as well as the emotions that influence their behavior. Discussion about the nursing career it can be explained that in contrast to the above humanistic approach defines psychology as how one feels about himself for staying happy and satisfied. Such happiness and satisfaction come from the humanistic behavior of people which means how they are concerned about achieving their goals and building up their selves (Licht, Hull, & Ballantyne, n.d.).
Discussion
The nursing profession is one of the crucial and emerging ones in the field of medical sciences and is applied to different areas of life from different perspectives. A study is done in China to investigate the behavior of individuals. Researchers have used the method for determining the role and extra-role behavior (Delobelle et al., 2011). Katz and Kahn developed the In role behavior. Kat researched and studied three specific behaviors of the individuals that affect the performance of an organization. Moreover, extra-role behavior which is based on organizational citizenship encourages the organizations to use effective measures for the efficiency and effectiveness of the organizations. This approach emphasizes the focus on organization, for example introducing informal rules in the organization which will affect the behavior of individuals in the organization and the performance of the organization in general. Organizational citizenship is the concept is based on loyalty, performance, engagement, and commitment to the team within an organization. In an organization behavior is the series of changing reactions of the employees to changing circumstances. Employees’ behavior in an organization is affected by both internal and external factors in the environment.
Psychological concepts can be applied to personal, social, and organizational problems. Personal problems occur when an attitude of an individual towards their own life and others is not fair and is unacceptable in society (Delobelle et al., 2011). However, psychological concepts if applied to personal life like the Humanistic approach. If applied to personal problems, the individual may get out of behavior problems by using the concept of universal religion humanity, which sets some basic rules for individuals to live a stress-free life. Psychological concepts are also applied to organizations as explained above, and to the field of sociology as well Sociologists alter the behavior of an individual by looking at the social circle of the individuals and the living style of a person in a community.
Conclusions
Psychological concepts these days are applied in different fields like the field of nursing. Nurses in the hospital deal with inpatients in hospitals to improve the healthcare of inpatients in mental health facilities, clinics, or hospitals. The nursing profession is an emerging field where more and more people are entering due to the need for inpatients in hospitals. I believe nurses can offer better services to patients with unstable behavior and attitude. The need for nursing for managing the behavior of an inpatient can be seen in psychiatry. Nurses handle inpatients with their soft skills. Choosing the nursing profession for myself was total because I felt the need for it in mental health facilities in medicine and I believe nursing in a mental health facility is the best organization where one can put psychological concepts into practice and alter the behavior of inpatients for their welfare and the welfare of others.
References
Licht, D., Hull, M., & Ballantyne, C. (n.d.). Scientific American: Psychology (9781464199493) | Macmillan Learning. Retrieved from http://www.macmillanlearning.com/catalog/Product/scientificamericanpsychology-secondedition-licht
Delobelle, P., Rawlinson, J. L., Ntuli, S., Malatsi, I., Decock, R., & Depoorter, A. M. (2011). Job satisfaction and turnover intent of primary health care nurses in rural South Africa: a questionnaire survey. Journal of advanced nursing, 67(2), 371-383.
